Jock Culture Essay

In 1975, Robert Lipsyte composed â€Å"Jock Culture† which was in â€Å"The Sportsmaster.† It didn’t show up in â€Å"The Nation† until 2011. Examination will analyze the believability of the models utilized by the creator to organize his cases. Robert is a sportswriter and a communicate writer who is additionally known for his young grown-up books. He was conceived in 1938 in the Bronx. All through his adolescence, he would’ve depicted himself as a â€Å"puke.† He was harassed and felt like an untouchable. He earned his Bachelor’s qualification in English from Columbia University at just 19 years old. He additionally got his Master’s certificate in news coverage. When Lipsyte was a correspondent and essayist for The New York Times, he distributed in excess of 500 segments, and is the writer to almost 30 books. He turned into a games observer for National Public Radio, an on-air writer for CBS and NBC, and was even the host of a n open TV program, The Eleventh Hour, which he won an Emmy for. Right up 'til the present time, Robert keeps on composing both true to life and fiction work. Essentially, Robert is focusing on everybody, the two muscle heads and vomits. According to his depictions of athletes, he expect none would wind up perusing this article in any case, so is primary center is â€Å"puke.† Jock Culture praises the youthful, the solid and the wonderful, and Lipsyte gets the appalling ramifications. In spite of the fact that in his article, he portrays himself as a vomit, it appears as though he would fit better under the muscle head segment. Given the serious news coverage, he most likely owes his prosperity as a games essayist in some measure to his own socialization in Jock Culture or whether his socialization into accomplishment in those savage areas renders him now more thoughtful than he would some way or another be to Jock Culture. He proceeds to discuss that there are something other than these 2 classes of individuals or you can fall under the two classifications. Young men are educated to be extreme, aloof, and forceful, to play hurt, to hit hard, and to win in each part of their lives. Muscle heads could likewise be vomits however, they have the athlete mindset, and the vomit hard working attitude. They come to work debilitated, they endeavor to be the best. It demonstrates that there can be something other than the 2 gatherings. Robertâ describes Jock Culture as a r isk to the benefit of all, and a contortion of sports. â€Å"It is energized by voracity and urgent competition.† (pg 350) Jock Culture applies the standards of serious games to everything. It’s to keep the dread of being known as â€Å"feminine† to the others. You need to be referred to, by and large, as the alpha male, or manly at any rate. At a youthful age, most children are tossed into peewee sports and arranged from that point on in that purpose of their lives, as either a muscle head or vomit. Which is the place all the frightfulness begins with Jock Culture. As they develop more seasoned, it deteriorates, in secondary school, the muscle heads are gazed upward as well. As though they have a place on a seat or are â€Å"godlike.† This what Robert is attempting to clarify fundamentally in section 7 and 10. It didn’t use to be all awful like this with Jock Culture. Sports were a method of being shown authority, collaboration, duty, regard, and courage. Presently, it has become a cockpit of tormenting, viciousness, and a pledge to the â€Å"win at all costs† disposition. Which is the reason Robert is pushing to show the perils of what Jock Culture really does to individuals, particularly at a youthful age. â€Å"Pukes† get out threw yet grow up and become authors or such while athletes, the â€Å"in† gathering, grow up to be stockbrokers or something like that, as a result of the serious culture the employments accompany. In general, Jock Culture is all over the place, and hard to direct away from. Itâ€℠¢s a moronic inefficient dangerous frenzy and there’s no good thing in it. Lipsyte is all in all correct to be stressed over the developing predominance seen beginning before and before in little fellows, yet he has barely started to start to expose the hellfire of Jock Culture and the effect it makes on earth, and our childhood, yet our grown-up populace also.

Self-Designed Fictitious Study Utilizes Statistical Methodologies

Question: Depict about members in a Leadership Training Program Rated as Better Managers Compared to Those Who don't? Answer: Authority preparing program is really a significant expert preparing which really causes people to develop the administration characteristics to really perform on a stately situation with satisfactory oversight to direct the representatives to their devoted work. Yet, there is consistently an inquiry that essentially emerge that is are the members in an initiative preparing program appraised as better troughs contrasted with the individuals who don't. Truth be told it is a genuine and a significant perspective that necessities significant research. It has been productively seen that the there is a huge contrast among pioneers and the board. In each viewpoint both are not quite the same as one another. Be that as it may, supervisors the individuals who dont partake in the administration preparing program are they not all that proficient to the individuals who participate. This examination really expresses the fundamental needs and needs of contrasting the better administrators (Burns, 1978). The article plainly clarifies each and every insights concerning the how administration preparing really separate the directors the individuals who have not taken the preparation program. Experience likewise assumes a key job making supervisors a productive pioneer who can really play the pioneers job to support the representatives inspiration and resolve and help them to commit them towards their work. Thus, the module unmistakably expresses every single upsides and downsides that is required in the administrative division and will conceivably get out the significant questions on better chiefs. It really coordinates and essentially executes significant jobs and strategies of how without the assistance of initiative preparing program better chiefs are additionally made by understanding. Experience is one main consideration that builds the capability of an individual instead of preparing techniques and the capability of being a pioneer cum director without the preparation pro gram is expressed in this module. Speculation A Hypothesis is an exploration made on a given point. It is of various nature dependent on the necessity of the examination led by the scientist. It very well may be of graphic in nature or might be of quantitative in nature. As it were it is said to have an investigation done on a given point. Here in this report a speculation is done on a given subject of Participants in an initiative preparing program appraised better directors from the individuals who don't takes an interest in the administration. For finishing this speculation a few examinations were made and surveys were set up to gather information with respect to the given theme. An imaginary informational collection is readied that shows how fifty workers of a few associations were meet and a few distinct outcomes were planned from the representatives (Flynn Stack, 2006). The representatives talked with were of a few situations in the associations going from worker level to the board level. For directing this theory an anecd otal theme was picked that brought up a few issues with respect to the handiness of the authority preparing program for the directors to be master in their field and contend individuals of a similar position in playing out a superior obligation. The whole report is talked about in an enlightening way and a measurable examination is done in the area later on. Issue questions The investigation or report manages the primary inquiry that how the administration preparing program is useful for the understudies to become proficient administrators (Tracy, 2014). The whole investigation in the report manages the surveys introduced to the worker and supervisors of hardly any associations. The principle addresses that are talked about in this report are as per the following: How frequently are the preparation individuals picked as an administrator? Are Participants of authority programs better Mangers? Individual ability advancement Scheme Is the Study helpful? How this investigation is helpful for the understudies? Is Leadership preparing program supportive? Impact of administration program on the chiefs. Impact of Leadership program on the organization. Procedure Research Design Research configuration is the blue print of the report that is made on an examination study. It is a technique for speaking to the exploration in a report way. Various techniques for explore are finished. Some of them are clear research, logical and exploratory research. In this report the spellbinding technique is use to speak to the report since it requires a colossal base of information to finish this exploration work (Giuliani Kurson, 2002). The report speaks to how the information are gathered and how it is utilized to finish the investigation as required finishing the theory. Information assortment and examining Information assortment is one of the most significant strategies for a speculation. It builds the information base of the exploration to finish the necessary work. In this strategy the optional information assortment method is utilized to gather information to expand the information base (Safire Safir, 1990). The informational index arranged for finishing the examination is invented in nature however manages a genuine universes issue. For finishing the examination a few inquiries were readied dependent on the given point and fifty cases were taken in thought as tests for making factors to finish the investigation. Information Analysis Information examination is the most muddled undertaking for any scientist. It is the most troublesome piece of any exploration. In finishing this investigation the factors from the informational index are utilized to finish the factual examination to get the result of the exploration on the given subject (Krueger, 2004). For directing the measurable examination SPSS programming is utilized were the factors are spoken to in tables and the factual investigation is finished with the assistance of the informational index. Here, in this report the connection between's the factors are found and the outcomes are spoken to in even structure and with the assistance of diagrams. Research restriction Each exploration work has certain impediment. A specialist needs to follow the rules that are identified with the exploration work. The most significant confinement of an exploration work is the time limitation for finishing the work. The time must be remembered while directing an exploration study. Information Analysis Information investigation is the most significant piece of any examination done on a specific point. It is significant make the investigation according to the prerequisite to get right outcome for the factors gathered from the informational index. For finishing the examination in this report SPSS programming is utilized and the information are controlled from the informational index to finish the investigation. The examination done on the informational collection is given underneath: Illustrative Statistics N Least Most extreme Mean Sexually transmitted disease. Deviation Age 50 1 4 2.24 .938 Sex 50 1 2 1.28 .454 Pay 50 2 4 2.90 .839 Are they were individual from the Leadership Training Program 50 1 5 2.38 1.086 Is Leadership preparing program accommodating? 50 1 5 2.68 1.096 Impact of authority program on the chiefs 50 1 5 2.74 .922 Impact of Leadership program on the organization 50 1 5 2.60 .969 Impact of initiative program on the business 50 1 5 2.72 1.031 How this examination is helpful for the understudies 50 1 5 2.88 1.118 Consequences for the workers 50 1 5 2.26 1.084 Are the Subject helpful? 50 1 4 2.32 .891 Help in correspondence 50 1 4 2.44 .907 Individual aptitude improvement Scheme 50 1 5 2.76 1.041 Are Participants of administration programs better Mangers? 50 1 5 2.46 1.164 How regularly are the preparation individuals choosen as a chief? 50 1 5 2.62 1.048 Substantial N (listwise) 50 Crosstabs Age * Are they were individual from the Leadership Training Program Crosstab Tally Are they were individual from the Leadership Training Program All out Emphatically Agree Concur Nonpartisan Oppose this idea Emphatically Disagree Age 20-30 3 3 5 4 0 15 30-40 2 6 1 1 0 10 40-50 6 8 6 2 1 23 50-60 1 0 0 1 0 2 All out 12 17 12 8 1 50 Chi-Square Tests Worth df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Pearson Chi-Square 10.869a 12 .540 Probability Ratio 11.716 12 .469 Direct by-Linear Association .608 1 .436 N of Valid Cases 50 a. 16 cells (80.0%) have expected tally under 5. The base expected check is .04. Symmetric Measures Worth Asymp. Sexually transmitted disease. Errora Approx. Tb Approx. Sig. Interim by Interval Pearson's R - .111 .153 - .777 .441c Ordinal by Ordinal Spearman Correlation - .121 .152 - .848 .401c N of Valid Cases 50 a. Not accepting the invalid theory. b. Utilizing the asymptotic standard blunder expecting the invalid speculation. c. In light of ordinary guess. Age * Is Leadership preparing program accommodating? Crosstab Check Is Leadership preparing program accommodating? Complete Firmly Agree Concur Unbiased Oppose this idea Firmly Disagree Age 20-30 2 4 4 4 1 15 30-40 2 3 4 1 0 10 40-50 3 9 8 2 1 23 50-60 0 0 0 1 1 2 Complete 7 16 16 8 3 50 Chi-

Louisiana Purchase and Lewis and Clark Expedition free essay sample

During Jefferson first term as President, he experienced issues with his Vice President, Aaron Burr, yet kept on tending to issues emerging so as to ensure the United States was perceived as a developing force on the planet. In 1762, France surrendered Louisiana to Spain, yet the mystery Treaty of San Oldness, permitted the French to recover the zone for themselves. By 1800, after a confounding Revolutionary period, France by and by rose as an incredible force to be reckoned with under the initiative of Napoleon Bonaparte.He imagined an extraordinary French realm in the New World, and he would have liked to utilize the Mississippi Valley as a nourishment and exchange focus to flexibly the sugar-rich island of Santa Domingo, which was to be the core of this domain. To start with, be that as it may, he needed to reestablish French control of the island, where slaves under Toasting Liverwurst had held onto power in a disobedience. Napoleons endeavors to colonize were bombed when his sol diers were assaulted by tropical sicknesses like as yellow fever, conveyed by mosquito. We will compose a custom paper test on Louisiana Purchase and Lewis and Clark Expedition or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Likewise, France was in strife with Britain and Napoleon thought denying this place that is known for the US would drive the US into Britains arms. On account of these two issues, Napoleon chose to sell the Louisiana land to United States, cutting his loses, and surrendering his expectations of a New World domain for France. Napoleon additionally accepted if the United States had power over the new land, they would have the option to make a military and maritime power that could challenge that of Britain. In 1803 Thomas Jefferson chose to send two agents, James Monroe and Robert R.Livingston, to Paris to arrange the acquisition of the land. The Louisiana Purchase was cultivated by a bargain on April 30, 1803, After seven days of haggling with the French Government the men were astounded to find that the French were eager to sell Louisiana for $1 5 million, an open door they understood was too acceptable to even think about ignoring (828,000 square miles at around 3 pennies a section of land. At the point when the news arrived at Jefferson he was frightened, he didn't need the men to spend more than $10 million, however this ended up being a lot for the United States. Jefferson was uncertain if the United States could even legitimately buy the zone in view of the Constitution, which doesnt notice purchasing land. Legislators, then again, were less worried about the legitimate burdens of the buy, and enrolled brief endorsement of the arrangement. By evacuating the single staying European force from North America the United States had the option to totally isolate itself from the Old World. With this gigantic measure of and turning out to be a piece of the United States, somebody needed to investigate the strange territory.At this time the west was obscure; neither France nor Spain had mapped its mountains or streams. In 1804, Jefferson sent Meriwether Lewis, his secretary, and a military official, William Clark, to investigate the domain. With assistance from a Shoshone lady, Jackasses, they made a trip west to the Pacific Coast. After their two and half year undertaking, they had obtained an assortment of maps, logical documentations, and accounts of local societies. The Lewis and Clark Expedition gave a superior impression of the topography of he Northwest and the creation of the primary exact maps of the area.How did Aaron Burr and The Supreme Court meddle with Jefferson in any case fruitful first term? Thomas Jefferson Vice President during his first term was Aaron Burr, a man who came to plot against him. Burr sold out him by joining a gathering of Federalist fanatics to plot the withdrawal of New England and New York. Another American government official, Alexander Hamilton, vanquished his arrangements by utilizing his political impact to persuade the Representatives to decide in favor of Jefferson in the Presidential appointment of 1800. Incensed, Burr moves Hamilton to a duel trying to shield his honor.Hamilton acknowledged, however would not fire the weapon and was slaughtered in one shot by Burr. This duel cost Burr his political profession, and he at that point traveled toward the west and met General James Wilkinson, the Military Governor of the Louisiana Territory. The two evidently conspired to isolate the western piece of US from the East, and afterward keep on growing by attacking Spanish controlled Florida and Mexico. In the Fall of 1806, Burr wanted to meet Wilkinson and his military at Natchez, yet when Wilkinson discovered that Jefferson promotion educated of the plot, he deceived Burr and fled to New Orleans.

Kant s Ethical Theory Of Abortion Essay - 1266 Words

Philosophy 5. What do you think Kant’s ethical theory tells us about the morality or immorality of abortion? Is it clear what utilitarianism tells us about abortion or euthanasia? Throughout the previous thirty-eight years ago since the U.S Supreme Court legalized abortion as a medical procedure, the topic of abortion has spurned several heated debates both socially and politically. In such a heightened contemporary context, it would be rather appropriate to consider the moral application of Immanuel Kant’s philosophy, one of the greatest minds in the eighteenth centuries, to the enduring morality debate over abortion. Setting the discussion regarding the morality and immorality of abortion within the Kantian ethics framework provides one with a view that transition from the frequently inflammatory pro-choice and anti-abortion discussion points and towards a deep lucid, philosophical argument of such a controversial topic. Kant’s ethical theory regarding the immorality of a bortion highlights that every individual is endowed with some sense of dignity and respect. Based on Kant’s theory, all human behaviors as well as actions are done simply because are considered the right and appropriate things to be done. Additionally, people’s behaviors and actions are weight in terms of their moral appropriateness instead of any other terms or grounds. Kant would assert that the act of abortion is definitely immoral considering the fact that killing another person is illegal and thusShow MoreRelatedAn Overview Of The Ethical1407 Words   |  6 Pagesï ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Abortion: An Overview of the Ethical ï ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼11/1/2015 Randy St.Cyr PHIL200 Introduction to Ethics Dr. Carrie Pettermin Issues ï ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼ ï ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼ÃƒËœÃ¯Æ'Ëœ Various philosophers through the centuries have had a tremendous impact on the way modern society thinks. 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Internal and External Factors Affecting Workforce Planning Sample

Question: Identify and Explain the Important aspects of Workforce Planning and Discuss how Workforce Planning is affected by a Range of Internal and External Factors and Strategies for Retaining and attracting Skilled Labour. Answer: Introduction According to the Minnesota Management and Budget, workforce planning is a continuous process that helps a business organisation in analysing its current workforce, forecast future human resource needs, identification of gaps between the present and the future and implement solutions that can help an organisation in achieving its mission, goals and objectives (Getting Started, n.d.). Workforce planning is considered to one of the most important functions in human resource management and actively aids business organisations in becoming more effective and efficient. Workforce planning further includes some important elements, such as strategic planning, workload projections, legislative forecast, turnover analysis and budget projections. It is a tool that has an effect on all human resource functions, such as recruitment and selection, compensation and benefits, training and development, performance management, attraction and retention of staff, etc. Aspects of workforce planning As discussed above, workforce planning is an important task as it helps business organisations in getting the right number of people with the right skills at the right job so that an organisation can achieve its organisational goals and objectives (Workforce planning, 2016). Workforce planning has some important aspects that helps an organisation in achieving success by becoming better and more efficient. Some important aspects of human resource planning are discussed below: Forecasting and assessment Forecasting and assessment is one the most critical aspects of workforce or human resource planning that helps business organisations in forecasting the demand and supply of human resource in the future. Forecasting and assessment involves an evaluation of the past workforce trends along with the present situations and future events. Human resources are the most important resources in any business and without the presence of human resources no business can work. A business organisation can lose its effectiveness in case there is shortage of workforce or surplus workforce at any point of time because shortage of workforce can halt the operations of a company while a surplus workforce will increase the operational expenses of the company (Lohrey, n.d.). Thus, organisations carry out workforce planning using data from the past, present and the future so that they can be assure of the human resource requirements in the future, compare them with the present condition of human resources, analyse the gap between where they are and where they want to be and design steps that would allow them to meet the identified gap. Forecasting and assessment ensures that an organisation is never short of workforce at any point of time. In this process, the management gathers various information related to the human resources, such as upcoming retirements promotions, employee turnover rates, retention rates, absenteeism, etc. and uses this data to forecast the human resource requirements in the future. Forecasting is the stepping stone of workforce planning because an organisation cannot make plans for its workforce until and unless it has some crucial data that can help it in the planning phase. It not only helps in identifying the gaps between the present and the future human resource needs but also helps an organisation in becoming more efficient by ensuring optimum workforce at all times and avoiding surplus or shortage of workforce. Further, it also helps in identifying some important human resource factors, such as employee turnover rates, retention rate, future retirement and promotions, etc. One real life example that demonstrates the effectiveness of forecasting and assessing in workforce planning related to Hewlett-Packard. The company had a workforce of almost 300,000 employees and was experiencing a turnover ratio of 20%, which implies that employees working with HP would leave on average within 5 years of joining. In 2011, two scientists working at HP combined data fro m past two years and concluded that all employees working at HP had a likelihood of quitting the company (Vulpen, n.d.). Also, on the basis of their study, they were able to identify the reasons because of which the turnover rates were sky rocketing. Therefore, they started dealing with the issues and were ultimately able to save $300 million by retaining employees using forecasting and assessment in its workforce planning. Recruitment Employee recruitment and selection has been considered to be one of the most critical aspects in human resource management as well as in workforce planning. Employee recruitment is a process that allows business organisations to attract and hire new candidates so that the company can meet its present and future human resource demands (Recruitment Definition, n.d.). Once the management of a company is done with forecasting and assessing the demands of the human resources in the future, it then has to take important decisions regarding the recruitment of new candidates so that it can bridge the gap between the present and the future human resource requirements. In order to bridge the gap between the two states, an organisation can choose from two types of recruitment techniques internal recruitment or external recruitment. In internal recruitment, an organisation can meet its human resource requirements with the help of existing workforce using various methods, such as internal job postings, job rotations, re-employment of ex-employees, etc. On the other hand, external recruitment is a process in which business organisations fulfil the human resource demands by hiring people from outside the organisation using various methods, such as job advertisements, employee referrals, employment exchange, job centres, job portals, head hunters (recruitment agencies), etc. (Recruiting Internally and Externally, 2016). Both the techniques of recruitment have their own advantages and disadvantages and the choice of recruitment method is totally dependent upon the management of the company. Recruitment is considered to be one of the most important aspects of workforce planning because it helps business organisations in finding out the right fit for the right job at the right time. Succession planning Succession planning is another aspect of workforce planning which involves identification and development of employees who can take up higher job positions in the organisation that are likely to become vacant in the near future. Succession planning also helps businesses in meeting their future human resource demands using existing human resources. (HR Planning - Succession Planning, n.d.). Succession planning is an issue that most organisations fail to address whereas it is very important for present day business organisations to be into succession planning. Once an organisation has executed forecasting and has also identified the techniques of recruitment, it can start succession planning as a stepping stone for internal recruitment. Sometimes, it is best suited for organisations to meet their future human resource demands internally i.e. by promotions, job rotations, transferring or by hiring ex-employees. If a company feels that it can meet the future human resource requirements of its workforce by promoting an existing employee, it can start succession planning for that employee. Succession planning is a continuous process that can help an organisation in identifying the positions that are most likely to become vacant in the near future due to a number of reasons, such as retirement, employee turnover, death, etc. The process of succession planning consists of thre e main steps identifying job positions that are likely to become vacant in the near future, identifying employees from existing workforce who can fill up the vacant positions and preparing them for the new job positions. Succession planning also involves keeping a check on the attrition rates and to ensure retention of employees who have been identified to have a potential to fill up new job positions. Succession planning also contributes towards the overall success of an organisation. In succession planning, business organisations are indirectly helping their employees in the development of their careers. When the employees feel that they have a bright future in the company for which they are working, they become more committed to their jobs and the company and a fall in the employee turnover rates is achieved as a result of it. One of the best succession planning strategy was adopted by Apple, which is the wolds top consumer electronics company. Apple did a great work in training and developing Tim Cook, who succeeded Steve Jobs (Founder CEO of the company) after his demise (Bersin, 2011). The company developed Tim Cook for several years so that he could capture the essence of Steve Jobs management policy and continue to lead the company on its pathway to success. Training and development Training and development in human resource management is aimed at increasing the job related skills and technicalities of the employees so that they can become more competitive and can contribute more towards the achievement of organisational goals and objectives (Training and development, n.d.). Training and development not only helps business organisations in developing the skills of their employees but also forms an important aspect in the planning of the workforce. Once an organisation has conducted a thorough forecast of its human resource needs in the future, it has to identify strategies that can help it in bridging the gap between its present situation and the future state. No matter how an organisation plans to staff its workforce, it will have to arrange for training and development programs for the employees who are hired internally as well as the employees who are hired externally. Training and development ensures that the employees learn the skills that are required to help the organisation in achieving its goals and objectives in the future. Training and development can be arranged for those individuals who have been identified in the succession planning stage to take up higher job positions in the organisation so that they can learn all those skills and technicalities that would help them in carrying out their future job duties and responsibilities. Training and development is one of the most important aspects of workforce planning and human resource management. It not only helps in making the workforce more competent but also helps in motivating them, increasing the level of job satisfaction and to make the employees more committed towards their job and the company (Employee Training and Development: Reasons and Benefits, n.d.). Internal and external factors affecting workforce planning Workforce planning is dependent on a number of internal and external environmental factors. These factors are discussed below: External factors Employment: Workforce planning can be largely affected by the employment conditions prevailing in the country. For example, a country where there is greater unemployment, a company might feel pressure from the government to recruit more individuals so that the rate of unemployment can be curbed. On the other hand, an organisation operating in a country where there is shortage of labour might have to hire employees from a different country. Technical changes in the society: The rate at which technology changes take place is very fast and workforce planning falls vulnerable to the changes that the society experiences in technology. Whenever there are technological changes occurring in the society, business organisations have to hire new employees that possess the required technical knowledge and at the same time deal with the existing employees. Demographic changes: Demographic changes refer to the changes in factors, such as age, population, composition, etc. of the society. Demographic changes can result in retirements, graduation of new candidates, etc. This can have an impact on the workforce planning of a company. Pressure groups: Business organisations have to keep the interests of certain pressure groups in mind. Groups like human resource activists, media, woman activists, etc. can create a lot of trouble for businesses and can cause a significant change in the workforce planning of companies. Competition: The extent of competition in an industry can also have a great deal of impact on the workforce planning of the companies operating in that industry. Employers of choice in an industry have an advantage in the workforce planning process as the candidates are themselves interested in working with them and will contact the recruitment cells of such companies on their own. On the other hand, workforce planning for smaller companies can be difficult as they have to make extra efforts to advertise and promote vacancies in their workplaces (Benjamin, n.d.). Labour laws and legislations: Every country has its own set of labour laws and legislation and all companies working in that country are required to adhere to the labour laws of that country. In case there are new labour policies or the government decides to introduce changes in the existing labour policies, an impact on the workforce planning can be experienced by the companies. Further, a company operating in more than one nation (a multinational organisation) has to adhere to special labour laws, such as ratio of home country employees to host country employees, etc. set up by the government of the host country for foreign investors. Such factors can have a huge impact on the workforce planning of business organisations. Internal factors: Organisational changes: Organisational changes can also have a huge impact on the workforce planning of a company. With new products coming in and with diversification taking place, an organisation can experience an impact on its workforce planning. Employee relations and company policy: Internal policies of a company can also have an impact on its workforce planning. Workforce planning of a company that gives more importance to internal promotions will differ from the workforce planning of a company that gives more important to external sources of recruitment. Budget: The human resource budget of a company can have a significant impact on the workforce planning of a company. The number of employees a company can hire is dependent upon its staffing budget (Ashe-Edmunds, n.d.). Skill levels: The skills levels that a company requires in its employees can change from time to time and can have a consequent effect on the human resource planning of a company. Strategies to attract and retain skilled labour Attracting and retaining talented or skilled workforce is one of the most important functions in human resource management. It has been observed that high employee turnover results in frequent recruitment and selection processes, which can be 1.5 times costlier than the salaries that the companies are already paying to their employees. Therefore, it is important for business organisations to implement strategies that can help them in retaining and attracting talented employees. Some strategies that can be used by companies to attract and retain talented employees are discussed below: Attracting employees One of the best strategies to attract talented employees is to research the market continuously and discover the places where the potential candidates can be found. Secondly, knowing more about the competitive firms and having information about what they are offering can also help in designing compensation and benefits plans for the employees and attracting them for employment. Thirdly, companies should be transparent internally as well as externally so that the employees know what the company has to offer to them and can place their trust in the company. Fourthly, companies can gather feedback regarding their attraction strategies from the candidates that apply for recruitment so that the company can know about the strategies which are working and the ones which are not. Fifthly, companies can create a potential network using various sources of media and technology where it can advertise its job openings and can increase the chances of attracting skilled employees (Lattimer, 2015). Lastly, being ethical towards the existing employees can also help business organisations in attracting talented employees as it helps in improving reputation in the market and also because talented employees are looking for companies that care about their human resources and have a good market reputation. Retaining employees Business organisations are investing billions of dollars in the management of their human resources and to make their human resource more competitive as it helps them in achieving their organisational goals and objectives. When a company experiences high employee turnover rates, the resources that it invests in the development of human resources are wasted while it also has to bear high costs of recruitment and selection processes (HEIKKILA, 2016). There are a number of strategies that business organisations can use to retain its skilled labour. Firstly, business organisations should have clear mission and vision statements that give a specific direction to the employees and make them feel that the company values them. Secondly, business organisations should ensure that the employees are constantly engaged in the workplace by providing them challenging work that they can enjoy. It has been found that one of the greatest causes of high employee turnover is boredom i.e. when the employ ees become bored of their jobs. Thirdly, business organisations can arrange for training and development programs for their employees so that they can polish their skills and develop their career options. Fourthly, empowering the employees can also help a company in increasing their interest in their respective jobs and becoming more satisfied with their jobs. Fifthly, business organisations should definitely implement performance management programs in the workplace because such programs are not only helpful in optimising the performance of the employees but can also help in keeping the employees engaged and motivated. Sixthly, business organisations should carefully design compensation and benefit plans for the employees so that they do not feel underpaid and tend to quit the organisation as a result of it. Seventhly, business organisations should try to fulfil higher positions in the hierarchy through internal recruitment processes as it offers talented employees with a chance to develop their career. When employees perceive career growth in an organisation where they are working, their tendency to quit the organisation becomes very less. Lastly, flexible work arrangements can help business organisations in retaining their employees. It has been found that an improper work life balance is the main cause of high employee turnover rates in business organisation. If business organisations can implement flexible working hour policies in the workplace, they can definitely increase their retention rates to a great extent (Yazinski, 2009). Memo for the nursing staff To: The nursing staff From: The management, XYZ Hospital Subject: Regarding a change in the weekend shifts Date: 12th April, 2017 It has been found that the employees working in the nursing staff want to attend the weekend shifts rather than the company selecting particular employees to work on the weekends. As a result, the management of the company has decided to take the feedback into consideration and offer an equal opportunity to all the members to work during the weekends. From now on, all members of the nursing staff will be given weekend shifts at regular intervals so that there can be an equality in the workplace. The main objective behind the change is to make the nursing staff feel that the management values their feedback and will try to do its best to improve the work conditions for them. By providing the staff with the working conditions that they desire, the management expects them to perform better and contribute more towards the achievement of organisational goals and objectives. Change in overtime compensations ABC organisation Pvt. Ltd. has recently discovered through a number of surveys that the employees are not satisfied with the overtime policies of the company. It has been identified that most of the employees prefer being paid for the extra time that they work for rather than being awarded rostered days off as a compensation for the overtime that they put in. As a result, the management of ABC organisation Pvt. Ltd. has decided that the employees will be given a fixed compensation for every additional hour (except the normal working hours) that they work for. The change has been brought by keeping in mind that the flexibility that was being offered to the employees by offering them rostered days off was difficult for the company to handle and was also reducing the overall productivity of the organisation due to absence of employees working overtime during some important meetings and discussions. Further, offering incentives to the employees for the overtime that they work for will also allow them to earn more than their regular pay scale and manage their expenses in a better way. Putting an end to rostered day offs will also allow the company to deal with staff shortages that were occurring in the past and help the company in dealing with high demand periods by sharing a small portion of its profits with the employees who have put in extra efforts to help the organisation in achieving its goals and objectives. References Getting Started. (n.d.). Retrieved April 12, 2017, from sol.mmb.state.mn.us: https://sol.mmb.state.mn.us/wfp-get-started Workforce planning. (2016, August 24). Retrieved April 12, 2017, from www.cipd.co.uk: https://www.cipd.co.uk/knowledge/strategy/organisational-development/workforce-planning-factsheet Lohrey, J. (n.d.). Forecasting Techniques in Human Resource Planning. Retrieved April 12, 2017, from yourbusiness.azcentral.com: https://yourbusiness.azcentral.com/forecasting-techniques-human-resource-planning-25543.html Vulpen, E. v. (n.d.). Predictive Analytics in Human Resources: Tutorial and 7 case studies. Retrieved April 12, 2017, from www.analyticsinhr.com: https://www.analyticsinhr.com/blog/predictive-analytics-human-resources/ Recruitment Definition. (n.d.). Retrieved April 12, 2017, from www.simplehrguide.com: https://www.simplehrguide.com/recruitment-definition.html Recruiting Internally and Externally. (2016, September 29). Retrieved April 12, 2017, from www.shrm.org: https://www.shrm.org/resourcesandtools/tools-and-samples/toolkits/pages/recruitinginternallyandexternally.aspx HR Planning - Succession Planning. (n.d.). Retrieved April 12, 2017, from hrcouncil.ca: https://hrcouncil.ca/hr-toolkit/planning-succession.cfm Bersin, J. (2011, August 26). The Real Succession Plan For Steve Jobs: Apple Thinks Different With Apple University. Retrieved April 12, 2017, from blog.bersin.com: https://blog.bersin.com/the-real-succession-plan-for-steve-jobs-apple-thinks-different-with-apple-university/ Training and development. (n.d.). Retrieved April 12, 2017, from www.whatishumanresource.com: https://www.whatishumanresource.com/training-and-development Employee Training and Development: Reasons and Benefits. (n.d.). Retrieved April 12, 2017, from managementhelp.org: https://managementhelp.org/training/basics/reasons-for-training.htm Benjamin, T. (n.d.). External Internal Environmental Factors Influencing HR Activities. Retrieved April 12, 2017, from smallbusiness.chron.com: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/external-internal-environmental-factors-influencing-hr-activities-34745.html Ashe-Edmunds, S. (n.d.). Internal Factors to Consider in Human Resource Planning. Retrieved April 12, 2017, from smallbusiness.chron.com: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/internal-factors-consider-human-resource-planning-60960.html Lattimer, C. (2015, December 23). 13 Key Strategies to Attract and Retain Highly Talented People in 2016. Retrieved April 12, 2017, from www.inc.com: https://www.inc.com/christina-lattimer/13-key-strategies-to-attract-and-retain-highly-talented-people-in-2016.html HEIKKILA, A. (2016, February 11). How To Attract And Retain The Best Employees In 2016. Retrieved April 12, 2017, from www.talentculture.com: https://www.talentculture.com/how-to-attract-and-retain-the-best-employees-in-2016/ Yazinski, S. K. (2009, August 03). HR and Employment Law White Papers. Retrieved April 12, 2017, from hr.blr.com: https://hr.blr.com/whitepapers/Staffing-Training/Employee-Turnover/Strategies-for-Retaining-Employees-and-Minimizing-

Possession of knowledge and ethical responsibility

Introduction Knowledge refers to the acquisition of skills, information, consent and awareness of given happenings in the society. It entails apprehending truth, facts, being learned and familiarisation of oneself with situations through a process of logical reasoning and assessment of circumstances.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Possession of knowledge and ethical responsibility specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Whether or not a single perfect process of acquisition of knowledge can be determined is a debatable issue as it remains a mystery as to how exactly people possess knowledge (Raffoul 27-34). According to Raffoul (165-167) and Rest (5-14), acquisition of knowledge involves easily and effectively embracing reality through experience or in thought as it is based on the proven scientific evidence, acquaintance, perception and experience. Different fields of knowledge such as mathematics, science, geography, science, psychology, religion and engineering do exist. Value judgment among people depends on the knowledge they possess. On the other hand, like morality, ethical responsibility demands that a person fulfils certain obligations in the best possible way and for the common good of all concerned (Lucas 36-45). At times, ethical dilemma can compel an individual to choose from a number of ethical principles that adhere to the moral law of doing right. Possession of knowledge and ethical responsibility Whether voluntary or unintentional, existence of praise and blame are major aspects of ethical responsibility for people with a certain level of knowledge. As dictated by normative ethics, application of conduct and acquired knowledge demands that existence of information and its application to decision making and other human practices be effectively employed in making rational decisions. Majority of people use applied ethics and the common societal laws and principles which guide people ’s lives to judge human behaviour (Lucas 41-78). Ethics and morality entail doing what is right and avoiding evil. Knowledge of ethics and morality should be focused on enhancing maturity, benevolence, prudence and rational reasoning in undertaking critical decisions. In view of the fact that acquisition of knowledge has â€Å"nothing† to do with being certain of the prevailing or possible circumstances, moral law dictates that all human acts should be perceived in an objective, realistic, rational, and focused manner with the interest of the majority at heart (Rest 78-112). Withholding knowledge and refusing to act is definitely not a moral act and as it contradicts the concept of undertaking ethical responsibility based on one’s acquired knowledge. For instance, scientists who have the expertise to develop nuclear bombs should often be aware of the possible dangers that could emanate from such â€Å"wonderful† initiatives (Lucas 16-21).Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Arguments that are in line with social and moral relativism are likely to compel people with certain knowledge not to act in a morally upright manner. Unlike in a utilitarian ethical perspective in which the needs and good deeds of an individual are superseded by those of the majority, possession of knowledge dictates that one avoids joining the majority and remain focused on doing what is reasonable and right. According to Lucas (33-42), being in custody of knowledge demands that one acts in an ethical manner. This fact is no longer an issue of concern to most people in the contemporary society. What individuals do with the knowledge they possess is fully dependent on their decisions and will to do exactly that. Ways of acquisition of knowledge are many and varied. Whether or not a person’s knowledge of something should make him or her answerable to certain ac ts is a very contentious issue. It leads to constant confrontation and demands by people to desist from taking responsibility of the different situations they face. It can be argued that awareness, familiarity and apprehension of knowledge carry ethical significances. Human intellect should be employed in analyzing situations and critically assessing the degree to which given acts are ethically correct. History and natural science are vital means of acquisition of knowledge. The two methods enable an individual to learn and accept certain truths that can never be concealed through false and unfounded logic (Lucas 28-46). However, it is vital to ensure that any form of reasoning is neither biased nor is it fully based on mere perception of real life situations or emotions. Portrayal of false image or biasness is equal to being selfish, self centred, uncouth and deceptive to the common moral law. For instance, doctors who possess actual knowledge and intelligent reasoning of patientsà ¢â‚¬â„¢ diseases have the ethical responsibility of ensuring that patients are given the most appropriate diagnoses and that all their medical concerns are addressed in an amicable and informative way (Lucas 79-85). Another indicator of the fact that being knowledgeable requires that one becomes ethically responsible could be demonstrated by a case where an individual witnesses a crime being committed. A crime witness can use his or her knowledge acquisition gained through perception, language and sight in determining what actions to take which may include reporting or ignoring the situation. Like a doctor, driver or a teaching professional, professional ethos, ethics, code of conduct and acquired knowledge demand that one fulfils an ethical act (Rest 147). To what degree would one say that indeed knowledge has an ethical responsibility? Pretence is a likely phenomenon that could dominate people’s lives once they learn that their acknowledgement of possessing knowledge could imply being fully answerable to both negative and positive occurrences that relate to the situation.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Possession of knowledge and ethical responsibility specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Lucas (138-149), the act of acknowledging the existence of something should never make a person to be ethically responsible. Rest (5-11) argues that people should only be ethically responsible to acts which they have the will, desire and duty of doing. Undertaking an act with the aim of preventing greater harm is crucial. Albert Einstein’s unparalleled knowledge of nuclear physics led to the invention of a nuclear bomb. Einsten’s invention was good because it involved the use of his possessed knowledge. It was not in Albert’s ability to control the degree to which the nuclear bombs would be developed. The invention of nuclear physics by Einstein culminated into mass ive physical destruction and loss of lives such as the case of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan (Rest 6-11). Regardless of the kind of knowledge that one possesses and the process that one undergoes in possessing the knowledge, modern ethical points of view dictate that human beings have a perceived obligation of attempting to create the most possible benefit that would in turn satisfy most people with the least possible harm. A picture of man and lady holding hands could lead to the perception that they could be couples. However, that does not make one ethically responsible for the acts committed by such people. In fact, such a witness would not be contradicting any moral laws by not involving himself or herself in the daily endeavours of the couple. This fact shows that acquisition of knowledge does not always compel one to be ethically responsible in all situations (Raffoul 59-64). It is highly likely that knowleageable people could falter in their decision making process. Certain situations could pose a dilemma. A situation of a dilemma should never be treated as a justification for committing evil. The knowledge that a biologist and a nuclear researcher possess and the manner in which such knowledge could be utilized should never be measured or judged on equal standards but rather be analyzed based on the result of the act, the surrounding circumstances and the intention of undertaking the specific act. A biologist or a nuclear researcher should be highly disciplined. The said professionals should never share critical secrets that pertain to how one can use certain substances for destructive purposes like uranium. Conclusion It is evident from the above analysis that knowledge has an ethical responsibility especially with regard to the manner in which professionals and people that interact with a group of other people carry out their duties and responsibilities. This fact is evident in situations where the responsibility in question is likely to cause harm or offer misleading information to people. Though possessing knowledge would often have little or no effect on people, it is evident that acts and decisions made by people with such knowledge are the ones that need to be undertaken in a conscientious, ethical and reasonable manner. While people have the right to acquire and fully possess knowledge, it is imperative to ensure that the knowledge acquired is utilized in an ethical manner.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Works Cited Lucas, Peter. Ethics and Self-Knowledge: Respect for Self-Interpreting Agents, Preston, UK: Springer, 2011.Print. Raffoul, Franà §ois. The Origins of Responsibility, Indiana, USA: Indiana University Press, 2010.Print. Rest, James. Moral Development in the Professions: Psychology and Applied Ethics, Moral Reasoning in Medicines, New Jersey, USA: Tailor Francis e-Library, 2009.Print. This essay on Possession of knowledge and ethical responsibility was written and submitted by user D1rkAnger to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. Possession of Knowledge and Ethical Responsibility It has been an argument for a long time whether people are supposed to reveal or conceal knowledge that they have gained. It is common to observe situations and events where people have intentionally withheld information which could have been used for the benefit of society.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Possession of Knowledge and Ethical Responsibility specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In this regard, it has been argued by many people that possession of knowledge comes with ethical responsibility, especially concerning the use of information gained. However, there is always a conflict of interests when one contemplates on whether to reveal or conceal information he or she has learned. Therefore, it is important to explore the idea as to whether people become ethically responsible by means of possessing knowledge. To begin with, it is paramount to define what is meant by ethical responsibility. Ethics is genera lly defined in society as the ability to choose right from the wrong, and differentiate between good behavior and bad behavior. Some people go further and consider ethical responsibility as the possibility of one to prevent evil from taking place, and nurturing good deeds as being ethically correct. However, ethics does not necessarily mean good and bad; right and wrong, or evil and prosperity. It goes deeper to stress on what can critically be regarded as expected code of conduct in society. In general, ethics entails moral values that are used to define the behavior of a person in society, and thus dictates what is expected of a person. It should be noted that ethics does not only guide behaviors that are peculiar to given societies, but also includes what can be referred to as universal code of conduct. In this regard, ethical responsibility refers to the societal expectation that people will do anything within their power to prevent both themselves and others from harm. Based on the above definition, it follows that possession of knowledge comes with ethical responsibility, though this depends on the kind of information. Firstly, it is the ethical responsibility of every person to make society a better place to live in. In this regard, if by any chance one happens to have knowledge of an event, either happening or about to happen, which can cause destruction to the society, the person is bound to reveal the information. Take for example a person who has knowledge about a criminal gang or a crime that has taken place. If the person keeps quite, the crime will go unreported or the criminal gang will continue with their heinous activities causing harm to members of the society.Advertising Looking for essay on ethics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More If the matter is reported, there are more chances that the criminals will be arrested, so there might be less future crimes. Consequently, possessing the inf ormation like this will impose an ethical responsibility on a person to report the matter to respective authorities. Similarly, some knowledge imposes commitment and challenge to the person with the knowledge to react or risk many people’s lives. People with knowledge about some live threatening or live saving ideas are obliged to share the information, or use the information for the benefit of everyone in the society. However, in certain instances there is a conflict of interest between saving one’s live and the society, while putting personal life in jeopardy. If a person finds some food in a hidden place and the whole village is starving, the person will be torn between telling the other members of the village about the food and serving personal interests. Ethics demands that the food is shared among village members. On the other hand, giving the food to the society members means risking personal life since there is no guarantee that food will be found again. The ca se where Daniel Elisberg made public the pentagon papers that contained illegal and unconstitutional issues that were being perpetrated by the president and high ranking officials have been debated for long. Daniel knew that the public was being deceived especially regarding Vietnam War. It should be noted that the whole public was being misguided by the very institution that was supposed to guide the nation. Ethical responsibility calls on any person to prevent any evil in society; lies are part of evil in the society. It was, therefore, Daniel’s ethical responsibility to make the public aware of the correct information. However, there are instances when advantages and disadvantages of ethical responsibility have to be weighed before making any decision. Take the case where scientists discover some new technologies which can help in improving society, but can also be misused by evil minded people.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Possession of Knowledge and Ethical Responsibility specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Scientists will be ethically obliged to release the technology to the public to be used in making life easier. On the other hand, conscience will trouble the scientists in case the technology is misused because they will feel responsible for the effects. In this situation, a choice has to be made because the ethical responsibility is two way, namely, aiding the society in making their lives easier and protecting evil from occurring. Ethics requires that a person should always endeavor for happiness not only for himself but also for others. Consequently, scientists have the obligation of ensuring that they use their knowledge to make the society a happy place to live in. Moreover, some roles in the society enable one person to have knowledge about some important issues which either need to be kept secret or made public for the sake of others. Managers of companies usually hav e knowledge of some secret company information which can be used against the firm if enemies find it. Consequently, directors and any other people who happen to have this information are ethically obliged to use the information in a way that is only beneficial to the company. It should be noted that managers and company directors are ethically bound to protect company assets, including information. On the same note, various professionals usually have knowledge that is beneficial to the society. During medical emergencies, doctors are called upon to use their knowledge to save lives. Some of the situations might be risky to the doctors themselves. Under normal circumstances, every human being will choose to protect personal live over society. Nevertheless, doctors have a moral duty of helping people and will thus have to help the situation. The case is the same for other professionals for example, police officers, fire fighters and engineers, to name a few. Therefore, accessing any k ind of knowledge comes with ethical responsibility either to reveal or to conceal the same. It all depends on whether the knowledge can cause harm or reprieve when revealed. All in all, it is upon each and every one of us to make informed choices whenever faced with ethical dilemmas, especially regarding possession of knowledge.Advertising Looking for essay on ethics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This essay on Possession of Knowledge and Ethical Responsibility was written and submitted by user Ben Reilly to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. 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War On War essays

War On War essays Leo Tolstoys writings inspired Mahatma Gandhi, a 20th century pacifist leader who avoided war and changed the fate of India. On August 28th of 1828, Tolstoy was born in Yasnaya Polyana, Russia, to Nikolay and Marya. His mother died when he two years of age, giving birth to a younger sister who was also named Marya. The Tolstoy brothers included Nikolay, Sergey, Dmitry, and Leo. Tolstoy was extremely sensitive, often called Leo Crybaby (Rowe 2). He was very self-conscious, but also impassioned with imagination from the very first part of his youth. At age eight, or 1837, the family was sent to Moscow to undergo a more rigorous education. However their father died within months of their arrival. Their grandmother died in 1838, so Auntie Alexandra, second cousin of the father, became the legal guardian of all five children. She was an avid supporter of Tolstoys interest in writing. A new tutor, Saint-Thomas, took over family education. He began as an aggressive, often brutal disciplinarian. His anger instilled in Tolstoy a sense of hatred for violence, which later occupied his writings. When previous methods proved unfruitful, Saint-Thomas tried complementing Tolstoy and using positive reinforcement. His attempt must have been trite because historians, such as William W. Rowe, believe that it only created an ambivalence, or paradox of acceptance and rejection, in Tolstoys perception of Saint-Thomas that would disturb him throughout his adult life (3). Tolstoy was thoughtful well beyond his years, despite his poor academic performance. He began to think deeply at the age of twelve, to question the world around him, and even the world inside of him. This gave him a certain inappropriate awareness to his age. His questioning stopped halfway and found neither clarity nor resolution, thus creating even more ambivalence. On one set of days, he would perform tasks to develop his self-discipli...